In swimming pool sanitation, which component is affected by the pH level of the water?

The pH level of water in swimming pools plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of chlorine as a disinfectant. Specifically, hypochlorous acid is the active form of chlorine that effectively kills pathogens in the water. When the pH is balanced, typically between 7.2 and 7.8, a greater proportion of the chlorine present is in the form of hypochlorous acid, which is more effective at disinfection compared to hypochlorite ion.

When the pH level rises above the recommended range, the percentage of hypochlorous acid decreases, reducing the chlorine’s ability to sanitize the pool effectively. Conversely, if the pH is too low, it can lead to irritation of the skin and eyes, while also potentially damaging the pool equipment.

In the context of swimming pool sanitation, maintaining the correct pH is vital to ensure that hypochlorous acid remains in a concentration high enough to effectively kill bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms, contributing to overall pool safety and hygiene.